Effects of liquid cultivation on gene expression and phenotype of C. elegans.
Plant Biology & Bioregenerative Systems
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adaptation, full, weight, bearing, following, disuse, rats, impact, biological, musculoskeletal
study, examining, adaptation, full, weight, bearing, following, disuse, rats, extended
bone, density, significantly, calcium, elevated, study, examining, adaptation, full, weight
Study examining adaptation to full weight-bearing following disuse in rats:. Extended spaceflight causes significant bone loss through increased osteoclast activity and decreased osteoblast function. Calcium metabolism is disrupted, with elevated resorption markers. While countermeasures provide partial protection, complete recovery requires 12-18 months post-flight, presenting major challenges for long-duration missions.
Study examining adaptation to full weight-bearing following disuse in rats:. Bone mineral density decreased significantly during extended spaceflight missions. Osteoclast activity increased while osteoblast function declined. Calcium metabolism was disrupted with elevated urinary calcium excretion. Bone resorption markers TRAP and CTX-1 were significantly elevated. Mechanical loading countermeasures showed partial effectiveness. Recovery of bone density post-flight required 12-18 months on average.