Study examining lab-on-a-chip approaches for space-biology research.. Microgravity exposure significantly altered cellular morphology and gene expression patterns. Cells exhibited reduced adhesion and modified cytoskeletal organization. Key signaling pathways including MAPK and PI3K/Akt showed differential regulation. Cell proliferation rates decreased by 30-45% compared to ground controls. Apoptosis markers increased in spaceflight conditions. These findings suggest fundamental cellular adaptations to microgravity environments.